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An international research team involving researchers from Spain, the USA and Germany have reconstructed plausible trajectories of global language diversity across the last 12,000 years. Their study, published in Science, suggests that language diversity increased for most of the Holocene, reached a remarkable peak between approximately 1,000 and 3,000 years ago, and then declined rapidly thereafter.

Nickel oxides catalyse hydrogen-based steel production, making the process faster and more energy efficient, and thus advancing sustainable metallurgy.

In the U.S., the monthly payments increase the longer one works—researchers have now examined whether delaying retirement is financially worthwhile.

“Max Planck researchers discover the statistical laws governing rhythmic fluctuations in human musical performances”